Web of Stories

Register
Tell a story
Coming soon
Remember me

Murray Gell-Mann /  Physicist

Get the Flash Player to see this player.

90 - Sheldon Glashow. The SU(2) times U1 theory (Part 1)

 
Not yet rated

Transcript

Shelly Glashow was there in Paris and I had a lot of conversations with him. He was a student of Schwinger's, and partly under Schwinger's influence he suggested models of the weak interaction in which the Yang-Mills theory was applied somehow to the intermediate boson - the positive and negative intermediate bosons, the photon and one other particle, which would be a neutral intermediate boson. How that was to be reconciled with the strangeness changing rules was not so clear, but it was a very interesting idea otherwise. And I formulated it I think a little better than he did, although it was his idea. And when I returned from Europe and Africa in the fall of '60, I gave a report on his idea to the Rochester Conference - which was I believe was in Rochester. And I described it a Yang-Mills theory based on the usual group SU(2) or whatever its called, and a singlet which we would call U1; so it was an SU(2) times U1 theory. And I just described exactly how it would, how it would work. But Shelly... But Shelly had included some wrong stuff. He had said that this type of theory was renormalizable, with brute force mass, and of course that wasn't true, as Salam and Kumar had shown. But he'd already done SU(2) cross U1 by then, by that Rochester meeting? Oh, before that, even. He had written a dissertation perhaps, and anyway a long paper including it and including the mass - the symmetry break and claiming it was renormalizable, which it wasn't. But otherwise it was clever and it was essentially correct. Because Schwinger had done SU(2) prior to that, right? Because he was looking for real unification as distinct from... Yeah, but that didn't work, of course. No, it didn't work, no, absolutely. That didn't work. Also he tried to deform it into a scalar and tensor theory somehow, because at that time some people, most people thought the weak interaction was scalar and tensor. That didn't work either. But anyway, Shelly and I talked a lot. And we talked also about a Yang-Mills theory for the strong interaction and what the charges could be, and whether these charges would then be the same as the ones that would give super multiplets for classifying the hadrons beyond isotopic spin, and if so, what would that system be. Well, I worked out what it would have to be to generalise - the idea was to generalise Yang and Mills', Yang's and Mills' work. What algebraic system could replace isotopic spin? Well, I wrote down the rules for Yang-Mills theory and that would permit a generalised Yang-Mills theory, and I found what the rules were. I had charges that I called F, and what the commutator of Fi with Fj had to be - you had to be able to write it in a suitable representation as little 'i' the square root of -1, times little 'fijk', times capital 'FK' summed over K, where little 'fijk' had have a way of doing it so that little 'fijk' was totally anti-symmetric. And the Fi's were remission. Well, that's certainly true of isotopic spin where little 'fijk' is 'eijk', the totally anti-symmetric tensor with indices running from one to three. But what was the generalisation of this?

Information

Views: 317
Total stories: 124 stories
Filmed: October 1997
Listeners: Geoffrey West
Geoffrey West is a Staff Member, Fellow, and Program Manager for High Energy Physics at Los Alamos National Laboratory. He is also a member of The Santa Fe Institute. He is a native of England and was educated at Cambridge University (B.A. 1961). He received his Ph.D. from Stanford University in 1966 followed by post-doctoral appointments at Cornell and Harvard Universities. He returned to Stanford as a faculty member in 1970. He left to build and lead the Theoretical High Energy Physics Group at Los Alamos. He has numerous scientific publications including the editing of three books. His primary interest has been in fundamental questions in Physics, especially those concerning the elementary particles and their interactions. His long-term fascination in general scaling phenomena grew out of his work on scaling in quantum chromodynamics and the unification of all forces of nature. In 1996 this evolved into the highly productive collaboration with James Brown and Brian Enquist on the origin of allometric scaling laws in biology and the development of realistic quantitative models that analyse the influence of size on the structural and functional design of organisms.
Tags:
Embed this story:   

Biography

New York-born physicist Murray Gell-Mann is known for his creation of the eightfold way, an ordering system for subatomic particles, comparable to the periodic table. His discovery of the omega-minus particle filled a gap in the system, brought the theory wide acceptance and led to Gell-Mann's winning the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1969.

Murray Gell-Mann: more stories

1
Duration: 3m 7s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 4027 | Not yet rated
2
Duration: 39s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 1129 | Not yet rated
3
Duration: 1m 21s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 823 | Not yet rated
4
Duration: 1m 21s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 796 | Not yet rated
5
Duration: 2m 49s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 722 | Not yet rated
6
Duration: 1m 48s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 649 | Not yet rated
7
Duration: 3m 4s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 629 | Not yet rated
8
Duration: 2m 10s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 711 | Not yet rated
9
Duration: 56s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 1555 | Not yet rated
10
Duration: 3m 4s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 1157 | Not yet rated
11
Duration: 5m 2s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 1360 | Not yet rated
12
Duration: 2m 37s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 942 | Not yet rated
13
Duration: 1m 26s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 709 | Not yet rated
14
Duration: 2m 21s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 824 | Not yet rated
15
Duration: 3m 5s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 788 | Not yet rated
16
Duration: 4m 54s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 794 | Not yet rated
17
Duration: 2m 48s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 1357 | Not yet rated
18
Duration: 1m 39s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 873 | Not yet rated
19
Duration: 59s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 749 | Not yet rated
20
Duration: 2m 30s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 848 | Not yet rated
21
Duration: 3m 23s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 966 | Not yet rated
22
Duration: 1m 57s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 731 | Not yet rated
23
Duration: 2m 52s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 738 | Not yet rated
24
Duration: 47s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 542 | Not yet rated
25
Duration: 4m 50s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 485 | Not yet rated
26
Duration: 2m 15s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 682 | Not yet rated
27
Duration: 4m 43s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 737 | Not yet rated
28
Duration: 4m 6s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 703 | Not yet rated
29
Duration: 1m 59s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 604 | Not yet rated
30
Duration: 2m 19s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 457 | Not yet rated
31
Duration: 3m 15s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 449 | Not yet rated
32
Duration: 3m 48s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 398 | Not yet rated
33
Duration: 4m 57s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 1114 | Not yet rated
34
Duration: 54s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 857 | Not yet rated
35
Duration: 3m 3s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 566 | Not yet rated
36
Duration: 1m 22s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 542 | Not yet rated
37
Duration: 4m 16s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 860 | Not yet rated
38
Duration: 3m 56s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 442 | Not yet rated
39
Duration: 1m 9s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 400 | Not yet rated
40
Duration: 1m 55s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 586 | Not yet rated
41
Duration: 1m 2s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 571 | Not yet rated
42
Duration: 2m 24s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 307 | Not yet rated
43
Duration: 2m 39s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 368 | Not yet rated
44
Duration: 47s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 324 | Not yet rated
45
Duration: 2m 2s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 455 | Not yet rated
46
Duration: 1m 45s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 365 | Not yet rated
47
Duration: 1m 11s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 400 | Not yet rated
48
Duration: 2m 20s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 357 | Not yet rated
49
Duration: 2m 53s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 303 | Not yet rated
50
Duration: 1m 20s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 352 | Not yet rated
51
Duration: 1m 16s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 308 | Not yet rated
52
Duration: 55s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 390 | Not yet rated
53
Duration: 1m 46s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 409 | Not yet rated
54
Duration: 1m 41s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 369 | Not yet rated
55
Duration: 2m 31s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 364 | Not yet rated
56
Duration: 1m 0s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 464 | Not yet rated
57
Duration: 42s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 301 | Not yet rated
58
Duration: 2m 36s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 628 | Not yet rated
59
Duration: 1m 57s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 315 | Not yet rated
60
Duration: 1m 14s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 279 | Not yet rated
61
Duration: 3m 37s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 279 | Not yet rated
62
Duration: 4m 17s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 246 | Not yet rated
63
Duration: 3m 46s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 235 | Not yet rated
64
Duration: 2m 5s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 324 | Not yet rated
65
Duration: 3m 50s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 305 | Not yet rated
66
Duration: 4m 38s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 362 | Not yet rated
67
Duration: 2m 41s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 256 | Not yet rated
68
Duration: 53s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 271 | Not yet rated
69
Duration: 1m 4s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 191 | Not yet rated
70
Duration: 4m 2s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 295 | Not yet rated
71
Duration: 3m 14s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 376 | Not yet rated
72
Duration: 2m 1s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 550 | Not yet rated
73
Duration: 4m 44s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 456 | Not yet rated
74
Duration: 1m 53s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 1140 | Not yet rated
75
Duration: 1m 19s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 351 | Not yet rated
76
Duration: 3m 54s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 334 | Not yet rated
77
Duration: 5m 18s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 268 | Not yet rated
78
Duration: 2m 11s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 335 | Not yet rated
79
Duration: 3m 1s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 324 | Not yet rated
80
81
Duration: 3m 23s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 260 | Not yet rated
82
Duration: 1m 55s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 273 | Not yet rated
83
Duration: 1m 12s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 266 | Not yet rated
84
Duration: 2m 40s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 1005 | Not yet rated
85
Duration: 3m 21s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 369 | Not yet rated
86
Duration: 3m 16s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 207 | Not yet rated
87
Duration: 2m 28s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 190 | Not yet rated
88
Duration: 2m 31s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 201 | Not yet rated
89
Duration: 59s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 216 | Not yet rated
90
Duration: 4m 10s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 317 | Not yet rated
91
Duration: 4m 2s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 275 | Not yet rated
92
Duration: 2m 28s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 332 | Not yet rated
93
Duration: 3m 32s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 245 | Not yet rated
94
Duration: 3m 53s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 264 | Not yet rated
95
Duration: 5m 28s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 397 | Not yet rated
96
Duration: 4m 1s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 368 | Not yet rated
97
Duration: 4m 29s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 195 | Not yet rated
98
Duration: 54s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 445 | Not yet rated
99
Duration: 1m 2s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 196 | Not yet rated
100
Duration: 2m 19s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 156 | Not yet rated
101
Duration: 4m 27s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 139 | Not yet rated
102
Duration: 1m 31s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 165 | Not yet rated
103
Duration: 1m 16s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 211 | Not yet rated
104
Duration: 2m 26s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 220 | Not yet rated
105
Duration: 2m 57s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 273 | Not yet rated
106
Duration: 1m 57s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 930 | Not yet rated
107
Duration: 1m 54s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 238 | Not yet rated
108
Duration: 1m 39s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 222 | Not yet rated
109
Duration: 2m 22s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 718 | Not yet rated
110
Duration: 1m 29s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 220 | Not yet rated
111
Duration: 3m 39s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 194 | Not yet rated
112
Duration: 50s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 369 | Not yet rated
113
Duration: 3m 33s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 275 | Not yet rated
114
Duration: 53s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 243 | Not yet rated
115
Duration: 2m 34s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 297 | Not yet rated
116
Duration: 2m 19s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 335 | Not yet rated
117
Duration: 52s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 214 | Not yet rated
118
Duration: 3m 20s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 165 | Not yet rated
119
Duration: 2m 17s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 198 | Not yet rated
120
Duration: 2m 5s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 189 | Not yet rated
121
Duration: 3m 49s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 227 | Not yet rated
122
Duration: 2m 46s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 172 | Not yet rated
123
Duration: 1m 8s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 190 | Not yet rated
124
Duration: 1m 20s | Filmed: October 1997 | Views: 188 | Not yet rated

Related stories

Bookmark and Share

Rate & review

Sign in to rate & review!