Gene correction... It's replacing a mutant gene in a monogenic disease by correct copy of the gene. Now this is not gene... this is not adding a correct copy as a lot of gene therapy has been, and as a background, and I'll tell you about the French trial for SCID. SCID is Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Disease. It's the disease in which children are born without an immune system and the reason is that they have mutation in the IL receptor, IL is the interleukin, IL receptor gamma-gene which is found in the precursors in the development of the immune system. So children born without an immune system and then susceptible to disease, so they had to be brought up as babies, they had to be brought up in a bubble, they're called 'bubble babies', you must have read about them?

[Q] Yes.

And now there are not so many, numbers are tens of thousands rather than hundreds of thousands, but I think there's 80,000 in the States, I don't know what the numbers are in Europe. So there's a trial which had some success, was conducted in Paris by a man called Alain Fisher and what he did was to make a correct copy of the SCID gene, put it into a retrovirus and carried this into the cell. Integrated into the cell. There were ten children originally and that was three years ago, three or more years ago now. And eight of those children are still living, two died, they died of leukaemia. One of the still living ones has got leukaemia, so what went wrong? You see, it was met with great acclaim. Now this is gene addition. You're adding a good copy of the gene which can be read and transcribed but doing it this way you have no control where the gene goes into, it goes into the chromosome. Also, you have a vector which gets separated from the gene when the gene... from the correct... which is inserted. So the effect was diagnosed, the two children who died had the vector managed to lodge itself in front of a well-known cancer gene, called the Lmo2, and this produced cancer in the children, leukaemia. So that's gene addition. Now there could be ways of overcoming that if you could deliver the gene... deliver the correct gene to its right place and there might be a way of doing that with zinc fingers. I can think of several ways, but that's not been done yet. What has been done is to gene correction or gene editing and that's quite complicated without diagrams. It invokes the use of two natural systems, one is zinc fingers which I said 3% of the human genomes can target and we now know with synthetic engineered zinc fingers you can target a gene with single gene specificity. I didn't tell you this, but these things we make, or have made, if you use a DNA array of 20,000 genes only one out of 20,000 lights up. So it really is virtually single gene specificity. So... now that should have been in the preamble.