[Q] Given the fact that we are such diverse creatures and that we all have a particular makeup and that some people, you know, react badly to penicillin and some people don't, or whatever it may be, but actually I'm sure there must be an... I'm not going to use the word 'alternative', I'll use the word another... way of... of research which starts much closer to the individual and I sometimes wonder whether we've got so... we're so much enthralled to randomised control in trials which are fantastically useful and very important that we've actually turned our face away from some of the ideas that actually... of looking at what's happened to an individual and, and building up a... as it were a library of the sort of people who would respond well to this rather than the numbers game, if you see what I mean. I just, I mean, if one sees it from the pathological end, we have no idea why a person develops breast cancer or such like and so, you know, in a sense we're still a long way back, aren't we? We're... and there again, it would be very useful I think... I mean, I'm working with a bio bank, the Biobank, looking at, at following through what sort of experiences people have and then thinking, oh well, gosh, here are 20 people who've, you know, lived near a flyover or, you know, under an acacia tree or whatever it is, or been to school in some, you know... perhaps we should follow through that. And I feel sometimes when, one of the things that and certainly I think the homeopathies do is very much try and focus down on the individual. I'm sure their methods are for... are not, are not yet very clear, but I'm sure we shouldn't entirely abandon that idea, which I think we have, haven't we really? I don't think science takes on board the idea of working with... I mean, it'll have to take on board the idea of the genetic structure, of course...

Yes, yes, but about the other – yeah, I... that's a very interesting line of thought and as you say that, it makes me feel you're looking at two slightly different ways. As you say, there's the biomedical basis because we don't know nearly enough, hardly anything about the different reactions to people to drugs and to illnesses. And the next phase of medicine, which will take I suppose a generation or two is the, is the detailed genetics of individuals showing: I react this way and you react that way and I think that's the future of, you might say, conventional, biological-based, scientific-based medicine. And that's one type of answer to the type of question you're talking about.

[Q] Yes. Yes.

But on the more... the other aspect of human experience and contact, there is a sort of... there's a rise, isn't there, in narrative medicine, life history medicine. Now, I do, as you, think there's, there's got to be a lot there about the more intuitive basis of people's experience, quite apart from their need to tell their lives, which must have valuable medicine somewhere tucked in that. I'm a bit bound by my sort of scientific base and I mistrust it, but I'm sure there must be important things there. I mean there are important things there anyway in a sense of helping patients, but I'm sure you're right, there must be important things for our knowledge base as well but I don't actually know how to get at them.

[Q] Well, I suppose that the, the, the bringing together, as you rightly say, the... the genetic basis and our... our diverse nature must be what, might be one way in which complementary and... and, clinical might, might come together.

Yes. Yes.

[Q] And that would be very, very exciting if one would be able to just show that so that you can say: well, you're the sort of person, you know, we're testing who can do very well here with this and that's a new form of certainty, isn't it, which might, which people might look for. And I suppose narrative in a sense is looking inside them, inside oneself to say: well, is there anything in my history which indicates what sort of person I am rather than actually interrogating my genes, interrogating my... my history. Perhaps indicating what sort of choices people like to make or the way in which they like to run their lives, whether they like to be really in control or whether they're the sort of people who, in a crisis, are happy to hand over to someone else and find that easier. So some of those, those sorts of... I think... I don't think narrative will necessarily solve any of the scientific questions, but they might help us through some of these difficult decisions, the ethical decisions, a little bit.