Together with Charlie Palmer at... who I still had very good relations, of course, and whose name was well-known – mine was not – and Paul Moorhead and I believe also TC Hsu, who I mentioned earlier as the... one of the discoverers of the fact that humans had 46 chromosomes, we wrote a letter in response to that in which we were pretty cheeky about what we believed, and this, in fact, was published in Science. That started a trend of publications in which the forces on both sides were battling each other.

I might say in concluding, although I'll address this issue more again, that we triumphed because as of today virtually every human virus vaccine in the world is made in my cells in either WI-38 or in other cell strains developed in other countries as a matter of national pride. In the United Kingdom, the identical kind of cell population is called MRC-5, used also for vaccine production. But it was my laboratory that pioneered the development... the use of preparation of vaccines in these cells and, as I'll explain later, was a school in fact for a year or more that trained many people from Europe and Asia in how to make vaccines in these cell population... and Russia as well, which is another part of the story.